Computer Science / Computer Networking

How the Internet Works Course

Brought by: Treehouse

Overview

Knowing how the technology you use everyday works will make you a more thoughtful and powerful user of technology.

In this course we'll explore how the Internet works, by investigating hardware like routers, switches, and servers and the TCP/IP protocols that define how information moves from computer to computer.

What you'll learn

Clients and Servers
TCP/IP
Routers and Switches
Connecting to the Internet

Syllabus

The Internet

What is the Internet? How does it do what it do? And how in the world is it possible to get web pages from around the world in a matter of seconds?

Chevron 12 steps

The History of the Internet

2:21
Check your facts, your history facts that is!

4 questions
The Big Picture

2:59
The Big Picture

3 questions
Clients and Servers

2:04
Client and Servers

4 questions
TCP/IP

3:04
TCP/IP Protocol Suite

5 questions
Routers and Switches

2:32
Routers and Switches

5 questions
Connecting to the Internet

2:57
Your Big Picture Review

1 question

Taught by

Joy Kesten

Computer Science / Computer Networking

How the Internet Works Course

How the Internet Works Course

Brought by: Treehouse

Treehouse
Paid
English
Certificate Not Available
Available at any time
All
N/A

Messages Timeline Exceptions Views14 Route Queries6 Models5 Gate Session Request

8.1.21.06s2MBGET en/courses/{slug}

Booting (683ms)
Application (372ms)
1 x Booting (64.62%)
683.33ms
1 x Application (35.13%)
371.54ms

14 templates were rendered

public.courses.show (resources/views/public/courses/show.blade.php)3bladefile
Params
0
course
1
links
2
config
public.courses.partials.breadcrumbs (resources/views/public/courses/partials/breadcrumbs.blade.php)6bladefile
Params
0
__env
1
app
2
errors
3
course
4
links
5
config
public.courses.partials.heading (resources/views/public/courses/partials/heading.blade.php)7bladefile
Params
0
__env
1
app
2
errors
3
course
4
links
5
config
6
classes
public.courses.partials.details (resources/views/public/courses/partials/details.blade.php)6bladefile
Params
0
__env
1
app
2
errors
3
course
4
links
5
config
public.courses.partials.breadcrumbs (resources/views/public/courses/partials/breadcrumbs.blade.php)6bladefile
Params
0
__env
1
app
2
errors
3
course
4
links
5
config
public.courses.partials.heading (resources/views/public/courses/partials/heading.blade.php)7bladefile
Params
0
__env
1
app
2
errors
3
course
4
links
5
config
6
classes
public.layouts.main (resources/views/public/layouts/main.blade.php)6bladefile
Params
0
__env
1
app
2
errors
3
course
4
links
5
config
public.layouts.partials.meta (resources/views/public/layouts/partials/meta.blade.php)6bladefile
Params
0
__env
1
app
2
errors
3
course
4
links
5
config
public.layouts.partials.navbar (resources/views/public/layouts/partials/navbar.blade.php)6bladefile
Params
0
__env
1
app
2
errors
3
course
4
links
5
config
public.auth.profile.partials.links (resources/views/public/auth/profile/partials/links.blade.php)6bladefile
Params
0
__env
1
app
2
errors
3
course
4
links
5
config
public.auth.profile.partials.link (resources/views/public/auth/profile/partials/link.blade.php)8bladefile
Params
0
__env
1
app
2
errors
3
course
4
links
5
config
6
route
7
title
public.auth.profile.partials.link (resources/views/public/auth/profile/partials/link.blade.php)8bladefile
Params
0
__env
1
app
2
errors
3
course
4
links
5
config
6
route
7
title
public.auth.profile.partials.link (resources/views/public/auth/profile/partials/link.blade.php)8bladefile
Params
0
__env
1
app
2
errors
3
course
4
links
5
config
6
route
7
title
public.layouts.partials.flash-session (resources/views/public/layouts/partials/flash-session.blade.php)6bladefile
Params
0
__env
1
app
2
errors
3
course
4
links
5
config

uri: GET en/courses/{slug}
middleware: web, localize:en
controller: App\Http\Controllers\CourseController@show
as: en.courses.show
namespace
prefix: /en
where
file: app/Http/Controllers/CourseController.php:17-35

6 statements were executed16.75ms

select * from `courses` where `slug_en` = 'how-the-internet-works-course' limit 1

15.12ms/app/Http/Controllers/CourseController.php:20corspedia

Metadata
Bindings	0. how-the-internet-works-course
Backtrace	17. /app/Http/Controllers/CourseController.php:20 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205

update `courses` set `visitors` = `visitors` + 1, `courses`.`updated_at` = '2025-06-20 09:46:14' where `id` = 6034

670μs/app/Http/Controllers/CourseController.php:21corspedia

Metadata
Bindings	0. 2025-06-20 09:46:14 1. 6034
Backtrace	17. /app/Http/Controllers/CourseController.php:21 18. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54 19. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43 20. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205

select `id`, `name_en`, `name_ar`, `topic_id`, `slug_en`, `slug_ar` from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` in (30)

230μs/app/Http/Controllers/CourseController.php:23corspedia

Metadata
Backtrace	20. /app/Http/Controllers/CourseController.php:23 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205

select `id`, `name_en`, `name_ar`, `slug_en`, `slug_ar` from `topics` where `topics`.`id` in (1)

220μs/app/Http/Controllers/CourseController.php:23corspedia

Metadata
Backtrace	25. /app/Http/Controllers/CourseController.php:23 26. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54 27. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43 28. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260 29. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205

select * from `providers` where `providers`.`id` in (60) and `providers`.`deleted_at` is null

250μs/app/Http/Controllers/CourseController.php:23corspedia

Metadata
Backtrace	20. /app/Http/Controllers/CourseController.php:23 21. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54 22. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43 23. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260 24. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:205

select * from `html_files` where `html_files`.`id` = 6025 limit 1

260μs/app/Models/Course.php:84corspedia

Metadata
Bindings	0. 6025
Backtrace	21. /app/Models/Course.php:84 28. view::public.courses.show:29 30. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:125 31. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58 32. /vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:72

App\Models\HtmlFile: 1
App\Models\Provider: 1
App\Models\Topic: 1
App\Models\Subject: 1
App\Models\Course: 1

_token: LpPGH6t4VcSiPVuPQFYdcSjVqehN2szqJsFww9tJ
locale: en
_previous: array:1 [ "url" => "https://www.corspedia.com/en/courses/how-the-internet-works-course" ]
_flash: array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA: []

path_info

/en/courses/how-the-internet-works-course

status_code

status_text

OK

format

html

content_type

text/html; charset=UTF-8

request_query

[]

request_request

[]

request_headers

  0 of 0   
array:24 [▼
  "cf-ipcountry" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "US"
  ]
  "cf-connecting-ip" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "216.73.216.118"
  ]
  "cdn-loop" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "cloudflare; loops=1"
  ]
  "x-forwarded-proto" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "https"
  ]
  "x-forwarded-for" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "216.73.216.118"
  ]
  "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "none"
  ]
  "accept" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7"
  ]
  "user-agent" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
  ]
  "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "1"
  ]
  "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [▶
    0 => ""Windows""
  ]
  "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "?0"
  ]
  "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [▶
    0 => ""Chromium";v="130", "HeadlessChrome";v="130", "Not?A_Brand";v="99""
  ]
  "cache-control" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "no-cache"
  ]
  "pragma" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "no-cache"
  ]
  "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "document"
  ]
  "cf-ray" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "952a5677fad0125f-ORD"
  ]
  "accept-encoding" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "gzip, br"
  ]
  "priority" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "u=0, i"
  ]
  "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "?1"
  ]
  "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "navigate"
  ]
  "cf-visitor" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "{"scheme":"https"}"
  ]
  "host" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "www.corspedia.com"
  ]
  "content-length" => array:1 [▶
    0 => ""
  ]
  "content-type" => array:1 [▶
    0 => ""
  ]
]

request_server

  0 of 0   
array:50 [▼
  "USER" => "www-data"
  "HOME" => "/var/www"
  "HTTP_CF_IPCOUNTRY" => "US"
  "HTTP_CF_CONNECTING_IP" => "216.73.216.118"
  "HTTP_CDN_LOOP" => "cloudflare; loops=1"
  "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO" => "https"
  "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR" => "216.73.216.118"
  "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_SITE" => "none"
  "HTTP_ACCEPT" => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7"
  "HTTP_USER_AGENT" => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
  "HTTP_UPGRADE_INSECURE_REQUESTS" => "1"
  "HTTP_SEC_CH_UA_PLATFORM" => ""Windows""
  "HTTP_SEC_CH_UA_MOBILE" => "?0"
  "HTTP_SEC_CH_UA" => ""Chromium";v="130", "HeadlessChrome";v="130", "Not?A_Brand";v="99""
  "HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL" => "no-cache"
  "HTTP_PRAGMA" => "no-cache"
  "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_DEST" => "document"
  "HTTP_CF_RAY" => "952a5677fad0125f-ORD"
  "HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING" => "gzip, br"
  "HTTP_PRIORITY" => "u=0, i"
  "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_USER" => "?1"
  "HTTP_SEC_FETCH_MODE" => "navigate"
  "HTTP_CF_VISITOR" => "{"scheme":"https"}"
  "HTTP_HOST" => "www.corspedia.com"
  "REDIRECT_STATUS" => "200"
  "SERVER_NAME" => "corspedia.com"
  "SERVER_PORT" => "443"
  "SERVER_ADDR" => "141.95.147.152"
  "REMOTE_USER" => ""
  "REMOTE_PORT" => "13466"
  "REMOTE_ADDR" => "172.69.59.28"
  "SERVER_SOFTWARE" => "nginx/1.18.0"
  "GATEWAY_INTERFACE" => "CGI/1.1"
  "HTTPS" => "on"
  "REQUEST_SCHEME" => "https"
  "SERVER_PROTOCOL" => "HTTP/2.0"
  "DOCUMENT_ROOT" => "/var/www/corspedia/public"
  "DOCUMENT_URI" => "/index.php"
  "REQUEST_URI" => "/en/courses/how-the-internet-works-course"
  "SCRIPT_NAME" => "/index.php"
  "CONTENT_LENGTH" => ""
  "CONTENT_TYPE" => ""
  "REQUEST_METHOD" => "GET"
  "QUERY_STRING" => ""
  "SCRIPT_FILENAME" => "/var/www/corspedia/public/index.php"
  "PATH_INFO" => ""
  "FCGI_ROLE" => "RESPONDER"
  "PHP_SELF" => "/index.php"
  "REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT" => 1750412773.3755
  "REQUEST_TIME" => 1750412773
]

request_cookies

[]

response_headers

  0 of 0   
array:5 [▼
  "content-type" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8"
  ]
  "cache-control" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "no-cache, private"
  ]
  "date" => array:1 [▶
    0 => "Fri, 20 Jun 2025 09:46:14 GMT"
  ]
  "set-cookie" => array:2 [▶
    0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImVxSjcyMEVrSnRWeGJYZE1hdE5qbGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMjJIdkpmU3NqU0xQbHFJYTQ3Qy9WanhaS1psUUZRUjVPMnRJUGFXZi9ZeXliZVNUZVg3a3U5M0V3NVA2d1VEbldBd05JbWs0YU1zSXNEakNyUmZ6akN0bjBQNTdNb3ZDOXRIclBSNG95b0hSOFZicGhXQ0MxOXZlYU1rOGFSY1oiLCJtYWMiOiJlM2NkN2RkYzI0MTU1MjVkZjMwYTA1N2ViYmYxN2NkNzkyMzE3ODQ2NjNiZDhhMjgxYTgyYWI5NDRlYTI5OTU4IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 20 Jun 2025 11:46:14 GMT; Max-Age=7200; path=/; samesite=lax ◀XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImVxSjcyMEVrSnRWeGJYZE1hdE5qbGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMjJIdkpmU3NqU0xQbHFJYTQ3Qy9WanhaS1psUUZRUjVPMnRJUGFXZi9ZeXliZVNUZVg3a3U5M0V3NVA2d1VEbldBd05Jb ▶"
    1 => "laravel_session=eyJpdiI6Im9kZ3BRTmNQOVlPMEVwYXlOQkcwcnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiS0ZodFhrdGt0RmRGUUhEbVpraVZOMWNUcWx1UDcvaVhzbDhFN3ZaQnBWbjRkTHJIR1lZcE5vNjI0ZDlaYzMwVWdReVB1KzljbU0razA2d2pjN0VNc2RCWDNtY0pnd0srSDlXTFA3RHV2U2Vrdk1SUTlHVjNxSVRNdnBvVnA3WGIiLCJtYWMiOiJjZDYwYjc3ZGM0ZDRkYTYwMWU4YWYxYWU4ZWEwZjliNmQ2ZWJhN2VmODE2YzVjZTBhZTI2OTFlYzIxY2QyNGMwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 20 Jun 2025 11:46:14 GMT; Max-Age=7200; path=/; httponly; samesite=lax ◀laravel_session=eyJpdiI6Im9kZ3BRTmNQOVlPMEVwYXlOQkcwcnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiS0ZodFhrdGt0RmRGUUhEbVpraVZOMWNUcWx1UDcvaVhzbDhFN3ZaQnBWbjRkTHJIR1lZcE5vNjI0ZDlaYzMwVWdR ▶"
  ]
  "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [▶
    0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImVxSjcyMEVrSnRWeGJYZE1hdE5qbGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMjJIdkpmU3NqU0xQbHFJYTQ3Qy9WanhaS1psUUZRUjVPMnRJUGFXZi9ZeXliZVNUZVg3a3U5M0V3NVA2d1VEbldBd05JbWs0YU1zSXNEakNyUmZ6akN0bjBQNTdNb3ZDOXRIclBSNG95b0hSOFZicGhXQ0MxOXZlYU1rOGFSY1oiLCJtYWMiOiJlM2NkN2RkYzI0MTU1MjVkZjMwYTA1N2ViYmYxN2NkNzkyMzE3ODQ2NjNiZDhhMjgxYTgyYWI5NDRlYTI5OTU4IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 20-Jun-2025 11:46:14 GMT; path=/ ◀XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImVxSjcyMEVrSnRWeGJYZE1hdE5qbGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMjJIdkpmU3NqU0xQbHFJYTQ3Qy9WanhaS1psUUZRUjVPMnRJUGFXZi9ZeXliZVNUZVg3a3U5M0V3NVA2d1VEbldBd05Jb ▶"
    1 => "laravel_session=eyJpdiI6Im9kZ3BRTmNQOVlPMEVwYXlOQkcwcnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiS0ZodFhrdGt0RmRGUUhEbVpraVZOMWNUcWx1UDcvaVhzbDhFN3ZaQnBWbjRkTHJIR1lZcE5vNjI0ZDlaYzMwVWdReVB1KzljbU0razA2d2pjN0VNc2RCWDNtY0pnd0srSDlXTFA3RHV2U2Vrdk1SUTlHVjNxSVRNdnBvVnA3WGIiLCJtYWMiOiJjZDYwYjc3ZGM0ZDRkYTYwMWU4YWYxYWU4ZWEwZjliNmQ2ZWJhN2VmODE2YzVjZTBhZTI2OTFlYzIxY2QyNGMwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 20-Jun-2025 11:46:14 GMT; path=/; httponly ◀laravel_session=eyJpdiI6Im9kZ3BRTmNQOVlPMEVwYXlOQkcwcnc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiS0ZodFhrdGt0RmRGUUhEbVpraVZOMWNUcWx1UDcvaVhzbDhFN3ZaQnBWbjRkTHJIR1lZcE5vNjI0ZDlaYzMwVWdR ▶"
  ]
]

session_attributes

  0 of 0   
array:5 [▼
  "_token" => "LpPGH6t4VcSiPVuPQFYdcSjVqehN2szqJsFww9tJ"
  "locale" => "en"
  "_previous" => array:1 [▶
    "url" => "https://www.corspedia.com/en/courses/how-the-internet-works-course"
  ]
  "_flash" => array:2 [▶
    "old" => []
    "new" => []
  ]
  "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => []
]